Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau xim tau them rau supermaterial graphene. Tab sis dab tsi yog graphene? Zoo, xav txog tej yam khoom uas yog 200 lub sij hawm muaj zog dua hlau, tab sis 1000 lub sij hawm sib zog dua li ntawv.
Nyob rau hauv 2004, ob tug kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Manchester, Andrei Geim thiab Konstantin Novoselov, "ua si" nrog graphite. Yog, tib yam uas koj pom ntawm lub ntsis ntawm tus cwj mem. Lawv xav paub txog cov khoom siv thiab xav paub seb nws puas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv ib txheej. Yog li lawv pom ib qho cuab yeej txawv txawv: daim kab xev.
"Koj nteg [cov ntaub nplaum] hla graphite lossis mica thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus," Heim piav qhia rau BBC. Graphite flakes ya tawm ntawm daim kab xev. Tom qab ntawd muab daim kab xev nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv saum toj kawg nkaus, ces cais lawv dua. Tom qab ntawd koj rov ua qhov txheej txheem no 10 lossis 20 zaug.
“Txhua lub sijhawm cov flakes tawg ua nyias thiab nyias nyias. Thaum kawg, nyias nyias flakes tseem nyob ntawm txoj siv. Koj yaj daim kab xev thiab txhua yam dissolves. "
Kuj ceeb tias, txoj kab xev ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus. Qhov kev sim nthuav dav no coj mus rau kev tshawb pom ntawm ib txheej graphene flakes.
Xyoo 2010, Heim thiab Novoselov tau txais Nobel nqi zog hauv Physics rau lawv qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm graphene, cov khoom siv ntawm carbon atoms teem rau hauv hexagonal lattice, zoo ib yam li qaib hlau.
Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm graphene yog qhov zoo heev yog nws cov qauv. Ib txheej ntawm pristine graphene tshwm raws li ib txheej ntawm carbon atoms teem nyob rau hauv ib tug hexagonal lattice qauv. Qhov no atomic-scale honeycomb qauv muab graphene nws impressive zog.
Graphene kuj yog hluav taws xob superstar. Ntawm chav tsev kub, nws ua hluav taws xob zoo dua li lwm yam khoom siv.
Nco ntsoov cov pa roj carbon atom peb tham? Zoo, lawv txhua tus muaj ib qho hluav taws xob ntxiv hu ua pi electron. Cov hluav taws xob no txav tau yooj yim, tso cai rau nws ua cov txheej txheem los ntawm ntau txheej ntawm graphene nrog me ntsis tsis kam.
Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no rau graphene ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) tau tshawb pom ib yam dab tsi yuav luag zoo nkauj: thaum koj me ntsis (tsuas yog 1.1 degrees) tig ob txheej ntawm graphene tawm ntawm kev sib raug zoo, graphene yuav dhau los ua superconductor.
Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua hluav taws xob yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv lossis cua sov, qhib qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau yav tom ntej superconductivity ntawm chav tsev kub.
Ib qho ntawm cov kev cia siab tshaj plaws ntawm graphene yog nyob rau hauv cov roj teeb. Ua tsaug rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov roj teeb graphene uas them sai dua thiab ntev dua li cov roj teeb lithium-ion niaj hnub.
Qee lub tuam txhab loj xws li Samsung thiab Huawei twb tau ua txoj hauv kev no, txhawm rau qhia cov kev nce qib no rau hauv peb cov khoom siv niaj hnub.
Andrea Ferrari, tus thawj coj ntawm Cambridge Graphene Center thiab tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Graphene Flagship, tau hais tias "Los ntawm 2024, peb cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau yam khoom lag luam graphene nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam," Lub tuam txhab tau nqis peev 1 billion euros hauv kev sib koom ua haujlwm. tej yaam num. Lub alliance accelerates txoj kev loj hlob ntawm graphene technology.
Flagship cov koom tes tshawb fawb tau tsim cov roj teeb graphene uas muab 20% ntau lub peev xwm thiab 15% lub zog ntau dua li niaj hnub cov roj teeb zoo tshaj plaws. Lwm pab pawg tau tsim graphene-raws li lub hnub ci hlwb uas yog 20 feem pua ntawm kev hloov lub hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob.
Txawm hais tias muaj qee cov khoom lag luam thaum ntxov uas tau siv lub peev xwm ntawm graphene, xws li cov cuab yeej ua kis las taub hau, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tseem los txog. Raws li Ferrari tau sau tseg: "Peb tham txog graphene, tab sis qhov tseeb peb tab tom tham txog ntau txoj kev xaiv tau kawm. Tej yam tab tom txav mus rau qhov raug. "
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tau hloov kho tshiab siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb, thiab kho los ntawm HowStuffWorks editors.
Cov cuab yeej ua kis las Lub taub hau tau siv cov khoom siv no zoo kawg nkaus. Lawv Graphene XT tennis racket thov kom 20% sib dua ntawm tib qhov hnyav. Qhov no yog tiag tiag revolutionary technology!
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Post lub sij hawm: Nov-21-2023